Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a sexually transmitted infection that is transmitted through sexual intercourse with sexually active people. There are more than 150 species, one-third of which cause genital infections. HPV most commonly causes cervical cancer in women but can also cause cancer of the mouth, throat, anus, and in men cancer of the penis. There are several methods for detecting, genotyping, and quantifying HPV types, which in turn may belong to a group of low-risk and high-risk types that cause warts – comedians or cancer. The virus enters the cell and makes epithelial dysplasia without visible symptoms, and can be detected by Pap smear, colposcopy with biopsy, and pathohistological examination of the material taken. Early diagnosis means early detection and great opportunities for the cure. The HPV vaccine also helps prevent cervical cancer. Regular check-ups with your gynecologist are very important because any change will be detected in time and treated properly.